GUNUNG · Turki

Mount Süphan

Süphan Dağı (Turki) / Sîpan (Kurdi)

Information

Elevation: 4.058 m
Country: Turki (TR)
Location / Range: Dataran Tinggi Anatolia Timur, berdiri sendiri di utara Danau Van, di antara Provinsi Bitlis dan Van, Turki
Mountain type: Stratovolcano (gunung berapi kerucut) tak-aktif — gunung berapi tertinggi kedua di Turki (setelah Ararat) dan salah satu puncak tertinggi di negeri itu
Volcanic?: Yes — volcano
Coordinates: 38.9298, 42.8296
Difficulty: Sedang: trekking ketinggian non-teknis di jalur normal, namun jarak panjang dan ketinggian >4.000 m menjadikannya menantang. Musim dingin menuntut teknik salju (crampon/kapak es)
Best Season: Akhir Juni–September saat sebagian besar salju mencair; pendakian musim dingin/awal musim semi bersifat mendaki salju penuh
Permits & Rules: Tidak ada tiket resmi untuk puncak; pendakian umumnya lewat desa Aydınlar/Adilcevaz di sisi selatan. Sebagai kawasan perbatasan Anatolia Timur, disarankan berangkat dengan pemandu/klub lokal dan memberi tahu jandarma setempat
Hazards: Ladang salju abadi dan lapangan batu (scree) yang melelahkan, cuaca cepat berubah dan angin kencang di punggungan atas, kabut yang menyulitkan navigasi, serta risiko penyakit ketinggian. Sumber air terbatas di jalur atas

Description

Süphan Dağı (4,058 m) is a dormant stratovolcano rising in isolation north of Lake Van in Eastern Anatolia, and is the second-highest volcano in Turkey after Mount Ararat (Ağrı), and one of the country's highest peaks overall (roughly third after Ararat and Cilo/Reşko). Its broad, solitary cone dominates the view from the lakeshore; near the summit lies a small crater that often holds permanent snow and meltwater. Unlike Ararat, which demands strict permits and guides, Süphan is a popular objective for Turkish hikers and mountain clubs thanks to its non-technical normal route: a long altitude ascent from the village of Aydınlar/Adilcevaz on the south side, usually done with an overnight high camp and a pre-dawn summit push. Though it requires no ice skills in summer, the long distance, scree slopes and thin air above 4,000 m make it a serious altitude outing, rewarded by sweeping views over Lake Van and the Armenian highlands.

Gallery

Foto bersumber dari Wikimedia Commons — klik untuk memperbesar & lihat sumbernya.

Routes

Rute Normal — Desa Aydınlar (Adilcevaz, sisi selatan)

Puncak trekking non-teknis (sedang–sulit): tanpa panjat tebing; tantangannya jarak, kemiringan, scree vulkanik lepas, dan ketinggian 4.000 m

Kamp tinggi di Süphan Yaylası/Şekerpınarı (~2.400–2.600 m), lalu satu hari pendakian puncak panjang sekitar 8–12 jam pulang-pergi

The normal route starts from Aydınlar village above Adilcevaz on the south side, north of Lake Van. Climbers set a high camp on the Süphan Yaylası (Şekerpınarı) meadows around 2,400–2,600 m, then push to the 4,058 m summit in one long day, passing springs, small craters and glacial ponds before reaching the crater-rim plateau and the cairned high point. Non-technical but demanding fitness; best season late June to mid-September, and since 2015 an official Adilcevaz guide is required.

Source

Varian lintas-kawah (Trans-Krater) — menghubungkan puncak timur & barat

Non-teknis pada musim panas namun lebih panjang; melintasi ladang salju dan cekungan di antara dua puncak

Hari puncak panjang dari kamp tinggi; menambah waktu untuk menyeberangi cekungan kawah

A variation that, instead of heading straight to a single top, crosses the roughly 1.5 km-wide crater basin separating Süphan's east and west summits, often holding small crater ponds and permanent snow. Documented in a "Trans Krater" summit vlog from the Adilcevaz side; it needs extra time and navigation on the upper plateau, while remaining non-technical in dry season.

Source

Climbing Experiences

Süphan Dağı is one of the most popular high-altitude hiking objectives in Eastern Anatolia, and the Turkish mountain community documents it diligently. The sources below are mostly Turkish-language climbing (tırmanış) vlogs following the normal route from the south to the 4,058 m summit — some showing the crater traverse between the east and west tops, overnight high camps, and even a WWII-era British aircraft wreck on its slopes — together with a mountaineering-club page detailing the route, camps and best season.

References

The summary above is compiled from the following sources. Click to explore them yourself.