GUNUNG · Turki

Mount Süphan

Süphan Dağı / Sîpanê Xelatê / Սիփան

Information

Elevation: 4.058 m
Country: Turki (TR)
Location / Range: Dataran Tinggi Armenia, tepat di utara Danau Van (Bitlis/Van, Turki timur)
Mountain type: Gunung berapi strato (stratovolcano)
Volcanic?: Yes — volcano
Coordinates: 38.9298, 42.8296
Difficulty: Non-teknis namun berat & tinggi — kemiringan landai di hampir semua sisi kecuali utara; medan skree/salju panjang. Populer untuk pendakian musim dingin bersalju/es
Best Season: Musim panas (Juli–September) untuk rute biasa; ekspedisi musim dingin (Feb–Mar) untuk salju & es
Permits & Rules: Titik awal umum dari desa dekat Adilcevaz/Aydınlar (sisi selatan); pendakian musim dingin sebaiknya dengan klub/pemandu. Kawasan perbatasan timur — cek regulasi setempat
Hazards: Ketinggian 4.000-an, cuaca ekstrem & angin kencang musim dingin, badai salju, medan es di kawah puncak, jarak panjang tanpa air

Description

Süphan (Süphan Dağı, 4,058 m) is a stratovolcano in eastern Turkey, immediately north of Lake Van. It is Turkey's second-highest volcano and has the third-highest prominence in the Armenian Highlands after Ararat (5,137 m) and Aragats (4,090 m). Its summit has two peaks — east and west — separated by a basin about 1.5 km wide holding two small lakes; the eastern summit is a wide snow-covered platform of cairn-like rock, while the smaller western summit is covered in lava boulders, the two linked by a narrow ridge. From the top the entire northern shore of Lake Van is visible, along with Ararat and the Murat river plain. Slopes are fairly gentle on all sides except the north, so the normal route is non-technical but long and high; Süphan is a popular winter-ascent objective. On the southwest slope (about 2,400 m) lie the remains of the small Urartian fort of Kefirkalesi.

Gallery

Foto bersumber dari Wikimedia Commons — klik untuk memperbesar & lihat sumbernya.

Routes

Ekspedisi Musim Dingin (salju & es)

Sedang (pendakian salju/es, non-teknis teknis rendah namun berisiko cuaca)

±2–4 hari

Süphan is one of eastern Turkey's popular winter-ascent objectives. In winter the slopes and summit crater are covered in deep snow and ice, requiring crampons, ice axe, and management of storm and high-wind risk. Several documented expeditions (e.g. February 2018, March 2023) show the challenge of extreme cold and weather that can turn back a summit push even though the line is not technically hard.

Source

Rute Normal Selatan (Adilcevaz / Aydınlar)

Non-teknis namun panjang & tinggi

±1–2 hari (kemah tinggi + puncak)

Süphan's usual route starts from villages near Adilcevaz/Aydınlar on the south side, ascending relatively gentle slopes to the 4,058 m eastern summit platform. Because all sides except the north are fairly gentle, the route is non-technical but demands endurance for the long distance, 4,000 m altitude, and scarce water. Climbers usually set a high camp before the summit push.

Source

Climbing Experiences

Süphan (4,058 m), Turkey's second-highest stratovolcano north of Lake Van. The videos below capture real experiences — a crater-crossing ascent ('Trans Krater'), summit climbs, and demanding winter snow/ice expeditions.

References

The summary above is compiled from the following sources. Click to explore them yourself.